美国颁发永久禁令的“四要素测试法”
来源： 发布日期：2021-06-18 阅读：70次
Thus, indisputes arising under the Patent Act (35 U.S.C.S. §§1 et seq.), a prevailing plaintiff seeking a permanent injunctionmust demonstrate that．
(1) the plaintiff has suffered an irreparable injury;
(2) remedies available at law, such as monetary damages, are inadequate to compensate for that injury;
(3)considering the balance of hardships between the plaintiff and defendant, a remedy in equity is warranted; and；
(4) the public interest would not be disserved by a permanent injunction.This four-factor test, historically employed by courts of equity, applies with equal force to patent disputes.eBay,Inc. v. MercExchange, L.L.C. (eBay III),547 U.S. 388(2006).
因此，在专利纠纷中，主张寻求永久禁令的原告须证明：
（1）原告遭受了不可挽回的损害；
（2）法定救济（如经济赔偿）不足以弥补这一损害；
（3）考虑到原被告双方的利益平衡后，衡平法的救济依然是必要的；
（4）颁发永久禁令不会损害公共利益。
传统衡平法院所采用的这四要素测试法也同样适用于专利纠纷。