In November 2024, the report "EU enforcement of intellectual property rights: results at the EU border and in the EU internal market 2023" was published jointly by the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) and the European Commission's Directorate-General for Taxation and Customs Union (DG TAXUD).
2024年11月，欧盟知识产权局（EUIPO）与欧盟委员会税收与海关同盟总司（DG TAXUD）联合发布了《欧盟知识产权执法：2023年欧盟边境及欧盟内部市场成果》报告。
This report collects and analyses the data provided by customs and law enforcement authorities in relation to seizures carried out during 2023 of products that infringe intellectual property rights (IPR) both at the border of the Member States of the EU and within their territories.
本报告收集并分析了海关及执法部门提供的数据，这些数据涉及2023 年在欧盟成员国边境及境内扣押的知识产权侵权产品情况。
The data that serves as the basis for this study and analysis is that entered by the customs authorities of 26 EU Member States, through the database for EU border detentions COPIS (Counterfeit and anti-Piracy Information System), as well as by the police forces of 24 of the 27 EU Member States through the Detention module of the IP Enforcement Portal (IPEP).
作为本研究与分析基础的数据，由26个欧盟成员国的海关当局通过欧盟边境扣押数据库COPIS（假冒与反盗版信息系统）录入，以及27个欧盟成员国中24个国家的警察部队通过知识产权执法门户网站（IPEP）的扣押模块录入。
These reports, which are published each year, detail the efforts made by customs and law enforcement authorities to enforce IPR and prosecute their infringement, with their aim being to provide information on these infringements and seizures, as well as reliable data to support the decision-making process of future policies. The conclusion of this study is that, in 2023, the EU made significant progress in the seizure of counterfeit goods.
这些年度报告详细阐述了海关和执法部门为执行知识产权保护及起诉侵权行为所做的努力，旨在提供有关这些侵权和扣押情况的信息，以及可靠数据以支持未来政策的决策过程。这项研究的结论是，2023年欧盟在扣押假冒商品方面取得了重大进展。
1. Most notable global data
最值得关注的全球数据
1.1 In 2023, approximately 152 million counterfeit items were confiscated at EU borders and in the EU internal market, an increase of 77% compared to those confiscated in 2022 (86 million).
1.1 2023年，在欧盟边境及欧盟内部市场，约1.52亿件假冒商品被没收，与2022年没收的数量（8600万件）相比，增长了77%。
1.2 The value of these fake products was around €3.4 billion, 68% higher than those seized in 2022 (2 billion). According to the report this significant increase in 2023 in terms of both the overall number of seized products and their estimated value is due to the sharp increase in internal market detentions in 2023 which confirms the trend observed over the past years. This important increase is attributed by the report to several causes, including strengthened enforcement measures, enhanced international collaboration between law enforcement agencies and better cooperation with rights holders promoted within the European Multidisciplinary Platform Against Criminal Threats (EMPACT) framework.
1.2 这些假冒产品价值约34亿欧元，比2022年查获的产品价值（20亿欧元）高出68%。报告称，2023年查获产品的总数及其预估价值均大幅增长，这是由于2023年内部市场扣押数量急剧增加，这也印证了过去几年观察到的趋势。报告将这一显著增长归因于多个原因，包括加强执法措施、执法机构之间加强国际协作，以及在欧洲打击犯罪威胁多学科平台（EMPACT）框架内推动与权利持有人的更好合作。
1.3 Ten Member States accounted for almost 98% of the total number of counterfeit items seized, representing 94% of their estimated value. Italy stands out, with 74% of the seizures, followed by France, Romania, Spain, Holland, Bulgaria, Germany, Hungary, Belgium and Greece (which together represent 23%).
1.3 十个成员国的假冒商品查获数量几乎占总查获量的98%，价值占预估总值的94%。意大利表现突出，查获量占74%，其次是法国、罗马尼亚、西班牙、荷兰、保加利亚、德国、匈牙利、比利时和希腊（这些国家合起来占23%）。
1.4 The top five product categories in terms of the number of counterfeit articles detained in 2023 were “Games” (leading for the second year in a row) followed by "Toys and "Recorded CDs/DVDs”. The presence of “Packaging materials” and “Labels, tags and stickers” in the 4th and 5th positions indicates a growing risk of domestic production by assembling unbranded goods with “Labels, tags and stickers” and “Packaging materials” inside the EU, to avoid the final and infringing goods being detected and detained at the EU border by Customs. Both product categories have been in the top 5 since 2020.
1.4 2023年扣押假冒物品数量排名前五的产品类别中，“游戏产品”（连续第二年位居榜首），其次是“玩具”和“刻录光盘/数字多功能光盘”。“包装材料”以及“标签、吊牌和贴纸”分别位列第四和第五，这表明在欧盟境内通过将无品牌商品与“标签、吊牌和贴纸”及“包装材料”组装来进行国内生产的风险日益增加，以此避免最终的侵权商品在欧盟边境被海关查获和扣押。自2020年以来，这两类产品一直位居前五。
2. Specific data on seizures at the EU border
欧盟边境扣押行动的具体数据
In 2023, seizures conducted by Customs authorities at the EU border increased by 7%, although the total number of items apprehended decreased by 27% (from 24 million in 2022 to 17.5 million in 2023) being the lowest level in the last decade. Similarly, their estimated value decreased by 14% (from €943 million in 2022 to €811 million in 2023).
2023年，欧盟海关在边境开展的扣押行动数量增加了7%，但查获物品总数下降了27%（从2022年的2400万件降至2023年的1750万件），为过去十年的最低水平。同样，这些物品的预估价值下降了14%（从2022年的9.43亿欧元降至2023年的8.11亿欧元）。
According to the report, the trend over the last four years shows a gradual overall decline in detained articles at the border. For 2023, the decrease of detained articles and a shift towards articles of lower economic value (like “Packaging materials” and “Labels, tags and stickers”) resulted in a drop in the global estimated value of customs seizures.
报告显示，过去四年的趋势表明，边境扣押物品的数量总体呈逐渐下降态势。2023年，扣押物品数量减少，且扣押物品转向经济价值较低的品类（如“包装材料”以及“标签、吊牌和贴纸”），导致海关扣押物品的全球预估价值下降。
The highest number of detention cases concerns goods transported via post with over 37.000 cases, representing a slight increase compared to 2022, and express courier with approximately 21.000 cases, which remained stable. However, maritime and road detentions continued to account for most of the articles detained. China was the main country of origin of infringing goods, followed by Hong Kong and Turkey.
扣押案件数量最多的涉及通过邮政运输的货物，超过3.7万起，与2022年相比略有增加；通过快递运输的货物扣押案件约2.1万起，保持稳定。不过，海运和公路运输货物的扣押案件仍占扣押物品的大多数。中国是侵权商品的主要来源国，其次是香港和土耳其。
In 2023, almost 90% of the detentions carried out by customs resulted in the destruction of goods through administrative procedures. Only 6% of the detentions resulted in a court procedure and only in 6.5% of cases the goods were released.
2023年，海关实施的扣押行动中，近90%的侵权货物通过行政程序被销毁。仅有6%的扣押行动进入司法程序，且只有6.5%的货物被放行。
3. Specific data on seizures in the internal market
内部市场扣押行动的具体数据
Within the territory of the EU, the different police forces seized more than 138 million items valued at 2.7 trillion euros in 2023, a record in the last 12 years and a figure that is more than double that of the previous year (2022). Similarly, the estimated value of products seized within the EU increased by 122% compared to 2022, representing an increase of €1.49 trillion.
2023年，在欧盟境内，各警察部门查获了超过1.38亿件物品，价值2.7万亿欧元，创下过去12年的纪录，这一数字是上一年（2022年）的两倍多。同样，欧盟境内查获产品的预估价值较2022年增长了122%，即增加了1.49万亿欧元。
4. Conclusions
结论
Comparatively, it is clear that the results of seizures at EU borders and within the internal market in 2023 show a notable predominance of the latter, encouraged, the report reiterates, by the inclusion of IP crimes as an EMPACT priority in the 2022-2025 cycle, which has led to the organisation of major coordinated police operations in different Member States at the same time (such as Operation Fake Star or Operation Ludus, among others) whose result has been the seizure of huge quantities of counterfeit products.
相比之下，很明显，2023年欧盟边境和内部市场的扣押成果显示，内部市场的成果尤为突出。报告重申，这得益于将知识产权犯罪纳入2022 - 2025年欧洲打击犯罪威胁多学科平台（EMPACT）的优先事项，这促使不同成员国同时组织大规模的警方协同行动（如“假星行动”或“游戏行动”等），行动成果是查获了大量假冒产品。
In any case, the year 2023 has been very significant in terms of general and global results regarding the seizure of IPR infringing products both in the EU and in Spain, as well as for the detection of trends that are consolidated over the years, very useful for the prosecution of these crimes.
无论如何，2023年在欧盟及西班牙范围内，就扣押知识产权侵权产品的总体及全局成果而言，意义重大。同时，这一年对于发现长期以来逐渐稳固的趋势也至关重要，这些趋势对起诉此类犯罪十分有用。
The report concludes with the reflection that, in the current context, and as the tackling of IPR infringing trade remains a challenge, it is crucial to foster closer collaboration and a timely exchange of information and intelligence through the available tools, including IPEP, between customs officials, law enforcement and rights holders both nationally and internationally.
报告最后思考指出，在当前背景下，应对知识产权侵权贸易仍是一项挑战，因此，至关重要的是，要通过包括知识产权执法门户网站（IPEP）在内的现有工具，促进海关官员、执法人员以及权利持有人在国内和国际层面开展更紧密的协作，并及时进行信息和情报交流。